How Pericles Describes The Athenian Political System

Constantine Paparrigopoulos, a prominent modern Greek historian, provides insight into Pericles’ beliefs regarding the Athenian government. Pericles was dedicated to not only preserving but also expanding and strengthening democratic institutions in Athens. To achieve this, he introduced significant legislative reforms aimed at ensuring that the lower classes, who were previously excluded, gained access to the political system and the ability to hold public offices. Pericles was passionate about making Athenian democracy more inclusive and accessible to a broader segment of society, seeking to empower citizens regardless of their social standing.

Pericles provides a detailed depiction of Athenian society, highlighting the essence of Athenian democracy. In his description, Athenian democracy is characterized as a governance system that prioritizes merit over social class or economic wealth. This concept, encapsulated in the phrase “class considerations [are not] allowed to interfere with merit,” underscores the fundamental principle that anyone with the ability and competence to lead is granted the opportunity to do so within a democratic framework. Pericles’ portrayal of Athenian society thus emphasizes the equitable and inclusive nature of their democratic system, wherein individuals’ qualifications and capabilities determine their eligibility for leadership roles, regardless of their social status or economic standing. This perspective sheds light on the core principles that guided Athenian democracy, emphasizing a commitment to meritocracy and a rejection of traditional hierarchies based on class or wealth.